Wordsworth & Coleridge Essays - British Poetry, Frost At Midnight

Wordsworth and Coleridge In spite of surface contrasts between Coleridge's ?Frost at Midnight? furthermore, Wordsworth's ?Tintern Abbey?, upon close assessment and perusing it turns out to be certain that they are two essentially comparable sonnets. The language in each is comparable, just as the utilization of distinct symbolism to speak to the peruser's visual sense. Generally however, the likenesses are found in the tone and message of the two sonnets. The two writers are recollecting nature/ordinary scenes and discussing them to their friends and family, Coleridge in an increasingly heavenly sense and Wordsworth in an extremely open, fair way. The structure of the two sonnets is actually the equivalent, with the exception of the way that ?Tintern Abbey? is longer than ?Frost at Midnight.? The two sonnets follow an ?arrival upon itself? structure and start with a delight in the current scene around the speakers, at that point step by step move into languishments on the past. At that point the two of them move back to the present with the speaker's entertaining a friend or family member with recollections, guarantees, and pleadings to consistently appreciate what God has made around them. Wordworth had confidence recorded as a hard copy about typical individuals, spots and things in a language utilized by conventional men. His sonnet ?Tintern Abbey? exploits that way of thinking, it is composed as perfectly as anything from Tennyson or Dante Rossetti yet far less allegorically. He is exceptionally directly forthright with his words, yet not to the degree that the excellence of them is lost. Coleridge additionally seems to follow that way of thinking, yet ?Frost at Midnight? is somewhat more hard to comprehend. The language is straightforward and casual however he incorporates numerous intricate representations, for example, the initial line ?the Frost plays out its mystery service.? ?Ice at Midnight? what's more, ?Tintern Abbey? share a similar essential thought of accumulating recollections to enable the speaker to endure extreme occasions when else he may have surrendered. Coleridge utilizes a line in his sonnet which sufficiently mirrors the thoughts communicated in Wordworth's sonnet likewise, ?Henceforth I will realize that nature ne'er deserts the astute and unadulterated? (60). To them, nature is a constant power that will consistently be there and will in every case satisfy one's hopes. Coleridge is mourning on the excellence of nature to his young child who is supported in his arms, and is promising him that he won't need to grow up in the midst of the brown haze and struggle of city life, yet rather he will have the chance to ?meander like a breeze by lakes and sandy shores, underneath the bluffs of old mountains and underneath the mists (lines 55-60). From that point he guarantees that ?all seasons will be sweet to thee? (65). He additionally suggests the way that getting a charge out of nature gives him a feeling of life going on past his own recognition. ? ?Tis quiet in reality! So quiet, that it upsets and vexes contemplation with its unusual and outrageous quietness. Ocean, slope, and wood, this crowded town! Ocean, and slope, and wood, with all the countless going-ons of life, Inaudible as dreams!? (lines 8-12). Maybe he is alluding to nature giving him a relief from the difficulties of standard life or perhaps this is the place he starts to go into the powerful domain that his sonnet in the end turns out to be a piece of. In either case, this is the place himself and Wordsworth become unquestionably comparable in their perspectives on the intensity of nature. Wordsworth is likewise addressing an adored relative in his sonnet. His sister Dorothy is being called upon to see and feel what he had first experienced when he saw the magnificence of nature, and she is being asked to consistently recollect the scene before her since it will help her at whatever point difficult situations come her direction. He expresses that Dorothy should ?let the moon sparkle on thee in thy singular walk; and let the hazy mountain-winds be allowed to blow against thee: and, in after years, when these wild joys will be developed into a calm delight; when they mind will be a manor for every single dazzling structure, they memory be as a home for every sweet stable and harmonies; goodness! At that point, if isolation, or dread, or agony, or misery, ought to be thy partition, with what mending musings of delicate satisfaction wither thou recollect me

The Mongols Essay Example for Free

The Mongols Essay The Mongols cleared across Asia and Europe in a wicked frenzy. Slaughtering more than 6,107,000 individuals from the years 1220-1258. Treating ladies like a bit of meat intended to satisfy the joy of men. In any case, how Barbaric were the Mongols on a size of one to ten? Well the Mongols were boorish in light of the fact that they were uncouth, severe, yet vanquished a lot of an area. â€Å"Come out with the goal that we may rely on you as per our custom.† And when the individuals come out to them they search out craftsmans among them and kept these. Yet, the others except for those they wish to have as slaves, they execute with the axe†¦This explanation demonstrates from numerous points of view that the Mongols were ignoble. Likewise warriors would execute detainees by shooting them with bolts or by covering them alive topsy turvy in the earth and tying there arms so they cannot uncover themselves. Causing a moderate unbearable deprivation of suffocation. Indeed, even the Mongol Yasa (laws) and Bilik (rules) were brutal men were permitted to undermine ladies having the same number of spouses however they see fit ladies could possibly have one husband and on the off chance that a father was to kick the bucket, at that point it was alright to wed the entirety of his wife’s aside from his own mom. Would you be able to envision our general public if Mongols were in charge? (Doc: 5, 10) â€Å"†¦Severed the leaders of the killed from their bodies and stored them up on piles†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sounds Brutal doesn’t it? Would you be able to envision the individuals who could murder somebody cut there heads of at that point heap them up like some bit of trash? Well the Mongols sure were merciless no uncertainty about it. They were so ruthless they slaughtered more than 6,107,000 individuals from the years 1220-1258. Indeed, it was told that the town of Nishaphur ought to be devastated in such a way, that the site could be furrowed upon; and that †¦. Not felines and mutts ought to be left alive. Likewise thief’s, didn't exist in the Mongol life since they were so frightened of the outcomes of theft that even the least fortunate sole wouldn’t dare consider preparing. Might you be able to envision how alarming it more likely than not been to be a Mongol or even one of there rivals? (Doc: 4,7) At long last, Under Genghis Khan the Mongols were incredible winners. They oppressed more than 4,860,000 square miles. The Mongols had progressive war strategies, for example, before a battle they would encompass the foe. Having there individuals (men, ladies, youngsters, and a few times dummy’s) on ponies to make the other armed force think they were battling an immense group causing alarm among them as the Mongols came ever nearer assaulting their foe. With this strategy and numerous others Mongols both brought an assault and vanquished a lot of Asia and Europe. No big surprise why the Mongols controlled the biggest realm known to men for about 300 years. (Doc: 1, 6, 3) All in all the Mongols on a size of one to ten were around a seven when it came to how boorish they truly were. For the most part Because of there systems of war, laws, rules, execution of detainees, victory, lastly how severe all together they were as a gathering of individuals. This is valid because of the reality the Mongols were rough, monstrous, yet vanquished a lot of landscape.

Getting Involved in Campus Inside and Outside SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Getting Involved in Campus Inside and Outside SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Of course, youre thinking of applying to SIPA for all the great classes climate policy and impact investing we have and all the super smart professors butttttt.you might be forgetting something THE PEOPLE!!!!!!! The people at SIPA is one of SIPAs best attributes. The people here are awesome and one very important way to meet more people is getting involved in campus groups and student life!!!! I myself, am the Communications and Marketing Chair of SIPA Students of Color, aka, I tell people in SIPA about the events and talks we are having as well as spending a lot of time looking up memes for newsletters. Due to this role, I have met some cool people who I am glad to say are very good friends (awwww  33). There are many great student organizations here, some of which include Digital Cyber Group, Migration Working Group and SIPA Pan-African Network. Anything you are interested in policy-wise, you can find it at SIPA. And if you cant find it, you can start a new group. Youll soon be drowning in events with interesting guests including diplomats, CEOs, managers, policymakers and more! Now SIPA is lovely and all, but you may need a break from the International Affairs Building seriously, we spend a lot of time here and its important to get out of the SIPA bubble and meet people from other schools. Columbia University Life is always throwing events that bring together students from different graduate schools.  Last year, I met students from Columbia Business School and Columbia Law School at a Latin Student Mixer. Every now and then, I go to talks/events/panels at Maison Francaise/Journalism School/Law School/[other schools that are not SIPA] to meet students from other fields of study and get a feel of something other than international affairs and economics. There are so many cool things going at SIPA that it is easy to forget how much is happening across Columbia University and at the other schools here. I sign up for a lot of experiments so I have met postdocs at the Zuckerman Institute as well. This is all to say that class is great, but dont forget that a big part of your grad school experience will be the people you meet. SIPA and Columbia in general have A LOT of interesting people to meet. Remember to take a break from schoolwork and wander around campus, go to different buildings and explore. The University Life app will keep you up to date about what is going on around campus so pay attention to it!

Maya Angelou Essay - 1926 Words

Her life was never easy. From the time she was born, Maya Angelou was subjected to racism, rape, grief and dehumanization. She beared enough emotional stress in a time frame that most people dont experience in a lifetime. Yet she prevailed. She forced herself to become stronger. And in doing so, she produced writings, which in turn, helped others to become strong. Her experiences and the lessons learned gave her confidence to be a teacher, a preacher, and an inspiration to millions. Maya Angelou was courageous. Based on Angelou’s most prestigious autobiography, I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, along with others, certainly reveals the occurring hardships and misfortunes of her life. In Maya Angelou’s first published†¦show more content†¦I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, prevails in moments where metaphors correspond perfectly to the emotions of Maya Angelou’s relationship with Annie Henderson, her grandmother, whom Angelou referred to as Momma Henderson. It is distinctly exemplified when three white girls perform a handstand pantyless in front of Momma Henderson revealing their power of white sexuality in front of a superior woman. Momma just hymns a song showing her granddaughter how to react to the ridicules of the â€Å"powhitetrash.† Steven Butterfeld of American Writers views Momma’s reaction as a victory in self control(American Writers 3). Angelou exhibits a similar spirit when describing her visit with Momma to a white dentist who reveals that he would rather put his hands in a dog’s mouth than a niggers(Contemporary Literary Criticism 12 12). The appalling parallel between the â€Å"dog† and the â€Å"nigger† narrates the account of dehumanization noted by African American writers. The most powerful emotional response in the first autobiography, I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, is Angelou’s contrary speech after being raped by her mothers lover. On page four of American Writers the author describes the speech in the language used by Angelou describing the tragic episode: Then there was the pain. A breaking and entering when even the senses are torn apart. The act ofShow MoreRelatedMaya Angelou655 Words   |  3 PagesMa 2(1565443) Maya Angelou is known as the â€Å"most visible black female autobiographer/poet.† She was born, Marguerite Ann Johnson, on April fourth, 1928 in St. Louis, Missouri. Her parents divorced when she was three, and she and her brother were sent to live with their grandmother in Stamps, Arkansas. Seeing all the racial discrimination in the American south strengthened her passion for poetry, music, dance and performance. Maya writes about the struggles people face, racism and freedom. At ageRead More`` Speak, By The Maya Angelou1137 Words   |  5 Pageswriter, the late Maya Angelou. This statement also aligns to a 1999 contemporary classic novel, Speak, where a young freshman, Melinda Sordino, faces isolation and depression to an event that occurred over the summer, one that only she knows about. In the novel, Melinda hangs up a poster of Maya Angelou in her make-shift janitor’s closet hangout. Laurie Halse Anderson uses Maya Angelou as a figure for Melinda to learn and ch ange by in the novel Speak. Melinda could learn from Angelou that she can standRead More Maya Angelou Essay1200 Words   |  5 Pages Maya Angelou is a phenomenal woman. She was born into a devastating decade, that suffered numerous tragedies. Not only had society shaped her as a woman, she has also shaped our society and influenced many lives. She is still living today, yet I believe her legend will never die. Furthermore I will share with you what motivated her and some of her gratifying experiences. How she was effected by society, and what she did about it. Also how the time period she was born into made her the extraordinaryRead MoreEssay on Maya Angelou612 Words   |  3 Pages Maya Angelou was born April 4, 1928. Her real name is Marguerite Johnson, but she later changed it to Maya. She was born in St. Louis, shortly after her birth her family up and move to Arkansaw. Maya grew up there in the rural parts of Arkansaw, and later married to a South African Freedom Fighter. She lived in Cairo with him, there she began her career as editor of the Arab Observer. At the request of Dr. Martin Lutheran King Jr., she became the northern coordinator for the Southern Christian LeadershipRead MoreEssay on Maya Angelou1185 Words   |  5 PagesDistress in Maya Angelous Life Marguerite Ann Johnson, commonly known as Maya Angelou, was born on April 4, 1928 in St. Louis, Missouri. She is a famous African-American poet, novelist, and playwright and also worked during the civil rights: Angelou is a very remarkable Renaissance woman who hailed as one of the great voices of contemporary literature (www.mayaangelou.com). She is also an activist in civil-rights. Angelou went through many controversies during her childhood and adulthood; herRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s Angelou 2396 Words   |  10 Pagesparents had decided to put an end to their calamitous marriage and Father shipped us home to mother† (Angelou 7). 1. This excerpt comes from the beginning of chapter one. The narrator, who is also the main character Maya Angelou, informs her reader of her family status. 2. The author informs us that she is currently living with her Father’s mother due to the separation of their parents. 3. Maya Angelou includes this passage to show that there is no perfect marriage and provide knowledge as to how hardRead More Maya Angelou Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesMaya Angelou      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By consistently weaving the theme of motherhood into her literature, Maya Angelou creates both personal narratives and poems that the reader can relate to. Her exploration of this universal theme lends itself to a very large and diverse audience.   Throughout Angelous works, she allows her followers to witness her metamorphosis through different aspects of motherhood.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Well-worked themes are always present in Angelous works-   self-Read MoreMaya Angelou Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesMaya Angelou was an inspiring activist, poet, and woman. Angelou was born in St. Louis, Missouri on April 4, 1928. Throughout her lifetime she explored her career options as an actress, dancer, singer, writer, and editor among many other careers. Angelou had a tough childhood. Her parents divorced when she was very young and she was sent to live with her grandmother in Arkansas along with her brother Bailey. As an African American, Angelou experienced discrimination and racial prejudices. AngelouRead MoreEssay On Maya Angelou1879 Words   |  8 PagesMaya Angelou is one of the most important American Authors who ever lived. She was an African-American woman who spoke her mind and when someone told her she couldn’t do something, it made her want to do it even more so that she could prove them wrong (Shapiro). Her life was incredi bly difficult, but it made her who she was and influenced her writing and poetry immensely. As Gary Younge once said, â€Å"To know her life story is to simultaneously wonder what on earth you have been doing with yourRead MoreMaya Angelou: the Lyrical Genius979 Words   |  4 Pages Maya Angelou: the Lyrical Genius When it comes to the struggles of a black woman, Maya Angelou is one of the best writers to interpret these struggles and to have the ability to put them into books and poems. The way Maya Angelou writes just makes you feel as if you were with here through all of the pain and sorrow. Not a lot of authors have the ability to do such a thing. Maya Angelou has the ability to write all of these amazing books and

The Legal Age Of Alcohol Consumption - 1816 Words

A lot of people have different opinions on the legal age of alcohol consumption. Some countries have the age lowered to eighteen and, the United States has it set at twenty-one. In Canada, it is typically up to the parents if the children drink and a lot of the kids are raised drinking beer with meals; therefore, it is pretty laid back in Canada regarding alcohol consumption. The drinking age being lowered could immensely change things around America; students would be at lower risk of alcohol-related deaths, there would not be chances of identity theft from ordering things such as ID’s from foreign countries, college campuses would have a lot lower arrest rates and it gives students and people eighteen years of age a sense of†¦show more content†¦As many people know or have heard of someone who has been a victim of drunk driving it happens quite often. Students and young adults will go out to bars with friends and will try to drive home after consuming way too many d rinks. Only because of the risk of the parents finding out and being caught. In the long run, it makes the situation a lot worse. If it was legal for someone of eighteen years of age to drink there would be no reason to hide it from the parents anymore and, could even use them for a ride home instead of hiding it. It gives the young adults a relief to not have to hide it anymore and feel as if there is nobody that can help besides the friends that are drunk as well. The students would respect the age a lot more because it is fitting to the lifestyle some live and binge drinking would be childish. As said by a parent in the article â€Å"Lowering the Drinking Age†, â€Å"I’d rather see my kids sipping beer out of a red Solo cup at a well-patrolled fraternity party than drinking shots and popping a Vicodin in someone’s basement off campus† (Cary). Almost all eighteen year olds have friends that are in college and twenty-one already and can drink and get in to clubs that an eighteen-year-old could not get into. This makes the young adults around want to fit in and drink as well. Not many eighteen year olds are close friends with sixteen year olds and it would notShow MoreRelatedShould the legal age for the consumption of alcohol be increased to 21?863 Words   |  4 PagesIncreasing the legal age for the consumption of alcohol to twenty-one is a topic that has recently sparked much debate, with many people endorsing the idea of increasing the age of alcohol consumption. This is because it is thought that implementing such a law may curb youth binge drinking and alcohol related road accidents (Drug Free Australia: 2008). However there are many reasons as to why the legal age for alcohol consumption should not be increased. These include the fact that young people willRead MoreWhy The Drinking Age During The U.s. Should Be Lowered1300 Words   |  6 PagesCourse/class Date Why the drinking age in the U.S. should be lowered to 18 Getting to 18 years of age is an important milestone for a US resident because it is the legal age for independence, allowing the individual to make his or her decisions regarding tobacco smoking, driving and even joining the armed forces while being treated as an adult by the justice system. While this statement is essentially accurate, it is untrue concerning the ability to purchase and drink alcohol. This is because the US lawRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Abolished1634 Words   |  7 Pagesand Liquor: A Balancing Act Laws surrounding alcohol use and consumption in the United States all stem from one major root: the Prohibition Era of the 1920s. The Prohibition Era lasted almost thirteen years and banned the production, the distribution, and the sale of alcohol. In 1933, the Prohibition Act was repealed and states designated their own legal drinking age. In 1984 the National Minimum Drinking Age act was passed and raised the drinking age in the United States to twenty-one. This lawRead MoreLowering The Drinking Age From 21 Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagessubjecting themselves to excessive amounts of alcohol at illegal ages, and the consequences are evident all around us. Every year over 5,000 kids under the age of 21 die from alcohol abuse, 1 in 5 10th graders will resort to binge drinking, and alcohol continues to damage developing teen brains (Let’s Stop Teen Drinking Tragedies). While they may not be seen in night clubs in bars, people between the ages of 18 and 21 are subjecting themsel ves to unsafe usage of alcohol in private or at high school partiesRead MoreChanging the Minimun Legal Drinking Age in the United States1745 Words   |  7 PagesChanging the Minimum Legal Drinking Age in the United States Over the past twenty years the minimum legal drinking age has been twenty-one in all US states, but that has not stopped citizens of the United Sates from attempting to lower the age. Following the end of prohibition in the United Sates during the Great Depression, all states agreed on a set of twenty-one to be the legal drinking age. For almost forty years there was no change in the drinking age until a decrease in the age for voting occurredRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Of The United States Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesThe legal drinking age in the United States was ruled to be 21 in 1984, setting the country apart from almost all other western nations. These past 30 years have contained as much problems regarding the consumption of alcohol as one of the country’s biggest failures ever, the 18th amendment, otherwise known as prohibition. Also, the legal drinking age in the United States can be considered violation of states liberties, as the national government, albeit with good intentions, has intervened and onlyRead MoreEconomics Intervention and Externalities Essay example939 Words   |  4 PagesProduction, Consumption, and venture decisions of households, firms and individuals frequently affect others not involved in the actions. At times these indirect effects are minuscule. But when they are large they can become an issue—these are called externalities. Externalities are one of the major reasons governments intervene in the economic sphere. A positive externality is a benefit acquired by a third party due to an economic transaction. Whereas, a negative externality is a cost that isRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Act1179 Words   |  5 PagesRestrictions of the Legal Drinking Age A highly controversial topic that continues to rise is the debate of the legal drinking age and whether it should lower from twenty-one, or remain. On July 17, 1984, Ronald Reagan was in office when the National Minimum Drinking Age Act was passed, prohibiting anyone under the age of twenty-one from publicly possessing and purchasing alcohol. After the Act was passed in 1984, the states that failed to abide by Ronald Reagan’s National Minimum Drinking Age Act were withheldRead MoreWhy The Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1582 Words   |  7 PagesWhy the Legal Drinking Age should Be Lowered Ever since its creation in ancient times, alcohol has been used for many reasons and purposes. Since then, controversies have risen on the topic of alcohol consumption and production. Among these controversies is that of the legal drinking age. While that age is 21 years, the legal age for smoking and for holding political posts is 18 years, and the legal age for consent for sex is 16 years – two of which are activities that are equally, if not more,Read MoreLegalizing the Drinking Age to 181624 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing the Drinking Age to 18 When people turn to the age of eighteen, they are finally considered an adult. They can join the army, have the right to vote, buy cigarettes or tobacco products, get a tattoo and even die for our country, but they aren’t allowed to buy alcohol? A person can be responsible enough to live on his or her own, make money, pay bills, and yet they are not old enough to purchase or consume any type of alcohol. Underage drinking has been a major controversial issue for

President Franklin Roosevelt’s Foreign Policies Free Essays

Foreign policies, although sometimes similar, varies from administration to administration. The policy makers, who are normally the closest aids or sometimes-even confidants, tend to have tremendous influences on these guiding principles. The foreign policies of America have help shaped the world as it is today, whether by providing aids to countries that have no structural governments or by defending American interest abroad. We will write a custom essay sample on President Franklin Roosevelt’s Foreign Policies or any similar topic only for you Order Now An example of these policies is president Franklin Roosevelt’s quarantine speech, given on 5th October 1937. Adolf Hitler and the fascist Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini are irrefutably threatening the world’s peace. In an effort to protect the peace, President Roosevelt’s quarantine speech seems to be a devised policy that would counter such a threat. A major setback however is that the neutrality acts has been passed by congress, curtailing America’s capability of backing and or supporting nations with whom we empathize. Sources in the White House indicate that the president may find other ways of assisting friendly countries. In his speech, the president has articulated concerns about the agonies guiltless people face. Women and children are mostly susceptible to these bombings. Without the declaration of war, they are the primary casualties of war. Although collateral damage is inevitable, the suggestion by the president is that prevention can be achieved by mainly placing political and economic pressures on the aggressors. He said, â€Å"The one country that wants to be a power monger jeopardizes the peace of the other nations. However, the country, which respects the freedom of other nations, which exercises patience with consideration of the other countries, earns the longstanding mutual respect and the approval of others. † He concluded by stating that just as when a pandemic breaks out, the population approves the quarantine of the patients; the quarantine of discrimination and ruthlessness were going to be headstrong, it is necessary for the United States to stay away from war. In his words, the president alleged, â€Å"America hates war, American hopes for peace. Therefore America actively engages in the search for peace. † This speech coupled with the aggressiveness of Germany and her allies has aroused a surprisingly mixed reaction within the country, especially amongst the isolationists. Then again, it appears that the president does not have any particular programs or plans in mind to combat the rising issue at hand. In an effort to pressure the United States and reiterate the Open Door policy in China, a delegation was sent to a meeting with the 1922 signatories of the Nine-Power Treaty in Brussels. Meanwhile, the Japanese just seized the Chinese city of Shanghai and continue to penetrate deep into the country at the cost of 100,000 lives. As it stands, it is very likely that America will be going to war due to the Japanese bombings of the U. S. gunboat Panay on the Yangtze River in China while sailors were helping the evacuation of Americans from the embassy in Nanking. Again, America has escaped the tides of war as the Japanese conformed to American demands of apology and reparations. In the meantime, the imminence of war in Europe has driven the Roosevelt administration into seeking assistance for the British and French and still isolationists refute the idea of war. An example is William Borah, Senator of Idaho, who obstinately insists that his sources are more reliable than that of State Department, and according to them, war is unlikely. Despite all the efforts, the outbreak of war in Europe and the Japanese attacks on Pearl Harbor has led the United States to war with the belligerents. How to cite President Franklin Roosevelt’s Foreign Policies, Essay examples

Poetry Speech Essay Example For Students

Poetry Speech Essay Gilmore especially, she was a truly amazing woman ND is one of the great figures of Australian social history and literature. I have already mentioned that I have a great love for both of these poems, and you are probably wondering what is so special about them? Time for me to help you see why they are so amazing. Both of these poems are telling the audience a story of personal experience. However, the poets use different poetic structures to convey their message. Fourteen Poor Men is written as a lyrical, where as Migrants Is written in ballad form. Let me briefly shed some light onto each of the poets, and their backgrounds, which eight help you all to have more of an understanding into some of the impacts on their writing. So first of all, lets start with Mary Gilmore. I could talk about this woman for days, because she did so many amazing things In her life. I guess that the quickest way that I can get across to you just how much she did, is by telling you about her column in the Australian Worker, which she remained editor of the womens page from 1908 right up until 1931. Through her column, Gilmore campaigned for many different social and economic reforms, such as the womens tot, child endowment, the relief of the poor, old age and Invalid pensions and the just treatment of Aborigines. Now moving onto to Margaret Scott. The basic background behind Scott, Is that she migrated over to live In Tasmania, from Bristol in the UK. Now that you have an extremely brief idea of each of the cultural aspect behind each author, I will now move onto the part that you are all here for. The poems. Firstly, I am going to deconstruct the more gritty of the two, Migrants. The title is a bit of a spoiler, and basically describes what the poem is obviously about, migration from the UK, to Australia. A poetic technique that is repeatedly used in this poem, is personification. It is used quite a bit in the first stanza. The liners arid gaiety, thirsting For roots and cover, hungry for the solid fare. The reason that Scott does this is to try and convey to the audience that on her journey over from the I-J, she is seeming to notice the way that everything around her Is feeling or acting, yet in the first stanza, she doesnt really say how she is feeling much at all. She lets the audience know of her personal fear In stanza 2, where less personification Is used. ND more of her own emotions come through. 1 OFF in Fourteen Poor Men is allusion. The reason for this, is because you, the audience, are required to have a basic knowledge of Australian history, to be able to deconstruct, and make sense of this poem. Once you pick up that the main technique used in this poem is allusion, you can look at the poem in a different light altogether. If you read into the poem deep enough, you could argue that the reason Gilmore used this technique so much (Need a better word choice for so much), is because she wants the reader to understand that you must have some sort of knowledge of our own countries historical events and what has coupled us into the country and society that we are today, to be able to even remotely understand someone elses culture. Once again, thank you all so much for taking time out of your Sunday afternoon to come and learn more about fine Australian poetry. I hope that I have given you an insight into the poems that I discussed today, in regards to Multicultural Australia, and how is has progressed. I hope that I have been able to confirm your love for Australian poetry, and made you even more passionate. Have a great afternoon everyone, and feel free to ask me questions after the meeting.

Masculinity in Their Eyes Were Watching God Research Paper Example

Masculinity in Their Eyes Were Watching God Paper Jeanie changed from paying her mutual respect to complaining her as an irresponsible woman who cant do the chores properly. Then I will summarize the comments on Joeys character. Joeys social status is a middle class. Most middle classes spend a lot of time on their profession. However, ones Job is not his whole life. It is a trap that makes people think that work and salary mechanism is priority above all things. Somehow when people fall into this trap, they adjust their temperament and character to suit the environment. Joeys overall character seems to be absorbed Into he order of hills former workplace. He Is a person who finds his existential worth through working under a presumed order. This can be seen through his role in Detonative. The novels introduction of Joe starts with him as a stranger walking down the road. He was a citified, stylish dressed man with his hat set at an angle. (27) He talked friendly to Jeanie and told Jeanie that he had been working for white folks a long time yet saved a lot of money. Joeys ideological investment, unlike Lagans, has nothing to do with a work ethic or turning Jeanie Into a mule; Instead, Joeys stresses intro_(McGowan 113) Jeanie Is attracted by promising fact that Joe would not, like Logan, treat her as labor source. By this she was satisfied enough. The novel then quickly focuses on Joeys achievements as mayor: the establishment of the grocery store, the mail service, the electric lamp and the purchase of Mats mule. Joeys progressive intentions have the quality of invest and speculation. His real aim is to have a big voice. (46) The grocery store and the mall service had earned the economic respect of the townsfolk The parlor was never empty of amusement and hatter. The electric lamp had made him a figure of enlightenment. The purchase of Mats mule gave him a reputation of liberator of labor. These events had made Joe an outstanding figure among the black township. He had earned his big voice. But along came another aspect of his identity: He mad e himself a God by his sole purpose. The townspeople sought to watch him in admiring eyes, hence the title their eyes were watching God. We will write a custom essay sample on Masculinity in Their Eyes Were Watching God specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Masculinity in Their Eyes Were Watching God specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Masculinity in Their Eyes Were Watching God specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Joe plays God as though nothing can stand In his way, but It has drawbacks. This notion of Identity, or this feeling of empowerment dad him think that it is necessary to stay progressive so long as people continue to believe him as a God. He has to be a fool himself to believe this, but the momentum had kicked off, and without an equalizer it is very hard to stop it. To this point, Joe has become an example of monopoly capitalism. (McGowan 112) By now his sense of superiority had bypassed his sentimentality on the folks around him. He is actually In the risk of being an Ignorant of his townsfolk, even with his beloved Jeanie. Even In old age, en still sees enamels as an autocrat AT Jeanie. Joe cant change Nils animalcules sense and clings on his past achievements. Joeys love towards Jeanie never had grown beyond a fancy doll. Although Jeanie had warned him about his work being a strain(46) on their relationship, he still insists on his prospects on Jeanie as first lady. He trades these good fortunes for Genies loyalty. It was clear for Jeanie, being sensitive about the future, that she will have to take up her burden in Joeys world: a feeling of coldness and fear took hold of her. She felt far away from things and lonely. (46) In the end, the relationship of Joe and Jeanie sees the impotency of fighting over trivial matters. This takes on with nailing the bill (70), Genies old appearance (77) and finally, cutting the tobacco. (78) In the last scene, Joe sees that Jeanie is getting old, and her sexual appeal is not that of her younger ages. There was still a hint of sex when Joe was Joking about her age. Joe could be thinking about having sex with her, but due to his heavy stress on work and progress, he does not know how to do so. To summarize, from his glamorous appearance, Joeys successful elopement with Jeanie roves that Joeys middle class values offer him higher level of social attractiveness than farmers like Logan. Joeys entrance into power was portrayed as a promoter of material livelihood, an enlightenment figure and a mule liberator. From the series of successful acts Joe sees himself as a God that has his own programs to impose on the townsfolk. He, a strong willed and focused person, took hold of power until his death. His marriage was not an ideal one. He likes a stable marriage where the role of his spouse is fixed, never changing.

My sister Saved my life Professor Ramos Blog

My sister Saved my life Do you ever feel like the cost of living ever out weighs your monthly income or even no matter how much you work your bills keep getting bigger? At one point in my life I felt that way. I was living paycheck to paycheck with no extra money to save. I come from a family of six, me being the second youngest growing up my parents did not have a lot of money. My dad raised us by himself and most of the time he was living paycheck to paycheck. Of course, we always had what we needed but that’s it nothing extra. I remember that he was barely able to make ends meet and could not really save money. So, it was hard for him if something was to happen to his truck. He would have to borrow money or just not have a truck due to him not having extra money to fix it. My mom was not really in the picture. So, I really didn’t have anyone at the time to teach me the importance of saving money. Since I was a little girl I always looked up to my sister as if she was my second mom. By the time my sister was twenty-four she was the one raising me, working at the movie theaters making minimum wage and going to college to be a teacher. I was sixteen, in high school and had just got my first job at Bakers Drive Thru. I went to school Monday thru Friday from 7:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. and then would go to work from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m. five to six days a week. On the weekends I would work from 12 p.m. to 10 p.m. I felt like I was always working and going to school but never had money. After working there for six months I thought to myself I’m going to be just like my dad living paycheck to paycheck and barely making ends meet. I was never going to be successful like my sister. But then there was this one summer day I was with my sister and we went to the bank to pull out money. She had happened to get a receipt and I happened to look at it and noticed how much was in her savings. I was shocked! So, I asked â€Å"how did you learn to save your money?† She learned from her boyfriend that works, goes to school and is barely making minimum wage. She states, â€Å"I pay my bills, go grocery shopping, put gas in my car, and then pull out forty dollars cash.† The forty dollars was for her to buy a shirt, go out to eat with friends, or do whatever she wanted to do with that money. She just knew that the forty dollars is all she had for the rest of the week. Anything left after that she must save. At the time I did not have a lot of bills. I just payed for my phone bill. So, I would just go blow my money on anything and everything. It was hard for me to grasp the concept on how to save money. My sister had started to notice since I would ask to borrow money from her a lot. So, she offered to help by managing my money. She would help by getting what I needed and would only give me forty dollars a week. At the beginning I hated it. At the age of sixteen and a teenager who wouldn’t want their money to have and control it. It took me a year to finally realize she is doing it to set me up for success. After a year, I saved enough money to purchase my first car. I was so excited that I was finally able to purchase my first car. I purchased a grey 2015 Sport Toyota Corolla. Without the help of my sister I wouldn’t be able to purchase a car. I currently work for a retirement home called Plymouth Village. Making a little over minimum wage. I have realized the more money I make the more bills get thrown my way. I now have rent, phone bill, utility’s, and a car payment to make. So, it can be hard to save at times with all the bills. But I have now managed my own money for over two years. Sometimes it is hard because I still want to spend more than the forty dollars I have a week, but I know I can’t due to the fact I need money in my savings for emergencies, such as if my car breaks down, if I happen to get sick and not be able to work. Also, in case if my daughter needs anything, you just never know what life will throw your way, so I try my best to save. It is best to learn to save as soon as you can, so you can be successful in life. If something was to happen to my car or my daughter I would have no money if I didn’t learn how to save. My sister saved my life and I can’t thank her enough for teaching me how to manage my money, without her help I would still be spending my money and living paycheck to paycheck. picture source:  https://www.google.com/search?q=money+locked+with+chainsource=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xved=0ahUKEwj3oYzx1bTdAhULw1QKHTBGDQoQ_AUICigBbiw=1280bih=584#imgrc=RPVUL4kzlY4NZM:

Employee stress in the work place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Employee stress in the work place - Essay Example Managers need to create a stress-free environment at the workplace for employees in order to ensure sustainable organizational performance. In this paper, we will discuss some of the main factors that can contribute to employee stress in the workplace, as well as the possible measures that managers can take to reduce stress in employees. 2. Factors That Cause Stress in Employees There are many individual, administrative, job concerning factors that can cause stress in employees. Some of those factors include discrimination, keeping employees away in decision-making processes, less promotional opportunities, rotating shifts, work overload, role conflict, team-based conflicts, excessive managerial control, increased job timings, lack of confidentiality, unsafe working conditions, and less salary (Akrani 2011). Let us discuss some of these issues in detail to know the way they cause stress in employees. 2.1 Discrimination Discrimination is one of the main factors that make employees str essed. Discrimination occurs when managers give preference to a particular individual or a group of individuals while taking any important decision. Such preference is usually based on racial, ethics, social, religious, and gender differences. For example, promoting a male employee to a higher position even when his performance is low than his female counterparts. Such decisions put a negative impact on the productivity and performance of other employees. 2.2 Keeping Employees Away In Decision-Making Processes Employees also feel stressed and depressed when they are not involved in decision-making processes related to their jobs. Employees want some recognition and value for the performances that they show for their companies. Involving them in decision-making processes is one of the best ways to do so. However, when employees are neglected during critical decision-making processes, they feel inferior and their level of commitment to their jobs decreases. 2.3 Less Promotional Opport unities If there are less opportunities of employee promotion in a company, employees may not like to work there because of less chances of career development. Working in a company where there are less progress opportunities and job enrichment is a main factor of stress in employees. 2.4 Increased Job Timings The balance between work life and family life is very important for every employee. In situations where employees do not find enough time to spend with their families due to longer working hours is also a reason of stress in employees. 2.5 Work Overload As Akrani (2011, p. 1) states, â€Å"excessive work load leads to stress as it puts a person under tremendous pressure†. Employees feel stressed when their managers give them huge amounts of work to complete in a single day. Similarly, giving less or very simple work also causes stress in employees. Doing work of simple nature leads to boredom that eventually leads to stress and depression. 3. Strategies for Managing Stre ss in Employees As Manley (n.d.) states, â€Å"stress in the workplace is bad for an employee's health and also causes distractions, making it harder for the stressed individual to perform their job† (p. 1). It is the responsibility of managers to take effective measures and strategies to offset those negative effects

The Role that Trade Unions Play Iin Reducing Discrimination in the Research Paper

The Role that Trade Unions Play Iin Reducing Discrimination in the Workplace - Research Paper Example A trade union or a labor union is an organization of employees who work in a collective manner to attain specific common goals like the protection of the integrity of trade, the achievement of higher pay packages and other ancillary employment benefits like retirement benefits, medical and health benefits, ensuring safety standards, improved working conditions, bargaining regarding the working hours and increasing the number of labours that are assigned for a particular work completion. The trade unions perform a leadership role through which its bargains with the employer groups on the behalf of the employees, who are the union members to protect the interests of the employee groups, prevent any kind of employment exploitation and negotiate the work terms and labor contracts. Several real-life organizational examples are provided in order to support the arguments presented in the paper. Common terms inherently associated with trade unions like collective bargaining, equality and diversity issues, gender discrimination, racial discrimination etc. are also explained with an aim to develop a better understanding of the propositions established in the essay. The essay is concluded by highlighting the findings and providing an opinion regarding the contribution of the trade unions to the reduction of discriminatory practices in various types of organizations. The system of trade unions started at the beginning of the 19th century when trade association was formed as labor unions by the skilled male labors with the aim of protecting their employment terms and conditions.  Ã‚  

Studying Industrial Engineering and Management | Reflection

Studying Industrial Engineering and Management | Reflection During the past four years, I studied industrial engineering with specialization in electronics at Ostend. The emphasis of my studies was understanding the fundamental electronic principles that govern modern day electronics. But I also learned about other diverse topics such as safety, economics, and industrial management. I found the last topic, industrial management, to be very interesting and exciting, because one of my career aspirations is to participate in the senior management of an industrial company. To further my career aspiriations of becoming part of a senior management team, I want to obtain a Masters Degree in Industrial Management. Having this knowledge will allow me to better understand management principles. With all the uncertainty and changes in with world, political, economic, and technological, I believe that management must have a solid understanding, supported by a strong academic foundation, of how to guide companies through these challenging times. No education is complete without experience. Armed with a solid understanding of academic principles, I can begin my career where I will add to my experience. Because I will be well versed in the theory, I will be able to adapt and modify the theoretical constructs as required in order to meet my companys needs. I fully recognize that our political, economic, and technological environments are constantly changing, and thus management needs to be able to adapt quickly and accurately to the new conditions if the company is to survive, let alone prosper. I believe obtaining a Masters Degree will provide the necessary background for me to be to anticipate and react to ever-changing environments. I have completed my four year Bachelor of Technology program at the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. I graduated in July 1998 with a degree in Mechanical Engineering. Many of my courses and research activities in the final year were in the field of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research with a strong focus on production and operations management. I am presently working in Tata Technologies India Ltd., an information technology firm that is involved in the areas of enterprise integration and CAD/CAM. I am applying for admission and financial aid to the Ph.D. program in Operations Management at the Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University. Detailed information about my academic record and my research and other experience is attached to this statement. I was introduced to mathematics and the physical sciences while at school and it was in high school that I considered a career in this area. The desire to study the applied physical sciences and mathematics prompted me to take the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) for admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology. I was ranked in the top 0.25 % of the nearly 1,00,000 students who took the examination. My undergraduate education at IIT Bombay has not only given me a certain set of skills but has also helped me understand my fields of interest and my academic strengths and weaknesses. This understanding has made me realize that though the applied physical sciences appeal to me, my strengths lie in applied mathematics and in abstractions of reality. In particular, I am interested in the managerial aspects of industrial and technological systems. This interest developed during my junior year seminar titled Productivity Management in which I explored the relationship between manufacturing strategy and productivity improvement. I continued further research in this area through my senior year project titled Decision Support System for Quality Control which sought to investigate various decision making mechanisms in the quality function and provide corresponding computer support. The project also enabled me to appreciate the interaction between manufacturing and the other functions of the firm especially information systems. The reading of certain outstanding books during the course of my research such as Skinners Manufacturing in the Corporate Strategy, Demings Out of the Crisis and Goldratts The Goal finally convinced me to pursue a Ph.D. in operations management and an academic career thereafter. My past work in the area of industrial engineering and operations research was characterised by a dichotomy of approaches. The courses that I took in this area dealt with various operational and tactical issues. The basic aim was to understand a specific problem, model the problem appropriately and find an optimal or reasonably optimal solution using the techniques of operations research. This has given me a good background in issues related to methodology, modelling, and heuristic solutions. On the other hand, my research has been oriented towards strategic issues. The basic thrust of my junior year seminar and senior year project has been integrative. Through my future research efforts I would like to understand this dichotomy better. Initially, I want to study rigorous model-based methods and do research on operational and tactical topics. After gaining a thorough grounding in these topics, I am interested in applying the same methodologies and techniques to strategic topics in op erations management. I believe that I have the qualities to be a good researcher and teacher. I am a creative person and often think in a contemplative way about various issues of practical importance. Being able to identify patterns and relationships that are not obvious to others is perhaps my greatest strength. This will prove very valuable because an integral part of being a researcher and teacher is to perceive the balance between theory and practice, analytical rigor and intuition. My communication skills are good and I like expressing ideas and concepts both in oral and written form an ideal platform for the dissemination of knowledge in my chosen field of specialization. The Krannert Graduate School of Management is one of the best schools of management in the world with a strong orientation towards research. The diversity of research interests in the operations management group is of particular interest to me. The eminent faculty and the individualized nature of the doctoral program will definitely bring out the best in me. I would like to reiterate that I possess the background, the ability and the motivation to make a significant contribution to Operations Management. I hope you will take a favorable decision regarding my admission to the Ph.D. program and I look forward to joining the Krannert Graduate School of Management and Purdue University. ============== Like most young kids in computer science, my first interest was in computer graphics. I remember my interest in graphics led me to build a single player Tic-Tac-Toe game with some nice graphics and show it off to my friends. However, I soon realized that my Tic-Tac-Toe is actually quite stupid and almost always lost to my friends. I started working on it and made it more intelligent so that it never loses to anyone, and wins most of the times. I didnt realize that I was working on Artificial Intelligence at that time, but thats how my interest in AI started growing. Since then my exposures, associations with clubs, readings, and undergraduate work all have served to push me into deciding to study, research, teach and discover different aspects of AI, particularly those that connect computer science with robotics, and logic-based planning under incomplete knowledge. I am now completely taken in by the challenge of solving complex problems, and making generalizations and relationships that concern writing programs which will make machines think, analyze and learn. AI excites me also because its becoming a potpourri of all kinds of knowledges. Apart from AI I have also developed a keen interest on Bioinformatics through my undergraduate research work during the last few months. Bioinformatics is an area I didnt know much about. However, since I started my research on sequence analysis, I have got more and more interested on this area, particularly on processes by which a genes information can be converted into the functions of a cell. Life outside classes has been quite exciting for me and I am really enjoying my research work under Dr. Gurpur M. Prabhu. I am currently working on a project on sequence analysis of DNA and then predict functions of the resulting protein. The idea we are working on is to use Conways Look and Say Sequence and incorporate some of its properties in the DNA sequence. The first obvious difference between the two is that Conways sequence contains primarily three characters (1, 2, 3), whereas there are four characters (A, T, C, G) to deal with in the DNA sequence. I first tried to see whether its possible to generate characters other than those three, for example 0 or 4. I proved that its not possible for any other character to appear in the successors of the original string, unless it was present in the original string itself. Another interesting property of the Conways Sequence is its 92 audioactive elements, just like elements in the normal periodic table and the concept of compound that can be formed using these elements. I am currently working on a program which tests and verifies the similarity of the properties of these elements with the real world elements. Recently I found that though the compound MgCl cannot exist in the real world (only MgCl2 exists), this compound can be formed using Conways elements. I am currently also working on a semester long research project for an AI course on developing artificial intelligence for the game Othello, also known as Reversi. I am particularly focusing on the evaluation function and the search techniques. I also discovered that the mobility of the opponent is crucial to the strategy. The idea is to make a move that will restrict the possible moves of the opponent. I am using alpha beta search for this problem. I discovered that finding the better move towards the beginning cuts off many moves and thus makes it faster. Currently I am working on this algorithm to order the moves so that the better moves come first. I also plan to make it learn inductively in the next step. Another project I recently started under Dr. Prabhu is on a concept called negative-language. At times it is easier to define something by saying what its not than what it is. One such example is justice; its easier to say what justice isnt than what it is. I am using Disjunctive logic programming to work on this problem using DLVk Java Wrapper. Often its easier to decide whether a particular solution is optimal or not, than to find the optimal solution. Our goal is to solve this kind of problems effectively. Now I am also closing in on a yet another watershed decision in my life of studying higher and deeper into the area of computer science and get into research in fields like AI, or Bioinformatics. Under the Ph.D. program I will get enough scope to translate my thinking and ideas to reality by application to the real problem. This will build up my self-confidence if I am successful. Otherwise, if I fail in a particular application I will get scope to find the reasons and modify it in the next step. Actually, Im looking forward to an in-depth and challenging hands-on experience in my Ph.D. career. Being on a Ph.D. program will also provide me the opportunity to attend conferences and symposium on my chosen area and I will be able to listen to the experts in the area as well as have interactions with them. This will certainly enable me to enrich my knowledge and keep myself updated on the recent developments. Moreover, I believe that the Ph.D. program will help me to enhance my independ ent thinking and analysis of a problem. This will be of much importance to me in the next career step, when I aspire to take up my own problem and build up own group. I believe, doing my Ph.D. in University of California, Santa Barbara will expose me to a deeper area of my chosen topic and will provide me a much optimized environment to expand my knowledge on the subject through associations and interactions with my supervisor and other faculty experts in the department. My reasons of choosing University of California, Santa Barbara are three. First, this university offers a wonderful Ph.D. program in Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence; two, it has an acclaimed network of closely working labs that engage in lots of sponsored research Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence. On my own, I am interested in doing something in areas like Active Logic, Metacognitive Computation, Simple Hierarchical Ordered Planning, and Sequence Analysis of DNA and all of these are very much there in University of California, Santa Barbara in some variant or other. And third, most importantly, presence of professors like Dr. Ambuj Singh, Dr. Tobias Hollerer, Dr. Terrence Smith, and Dr. Matthew Turk who have been passionately working in the field of Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence also influenced me a lot. The presence of these factors led to University of California, Santa Barbara being my preferred choice. If I do my Ph.D. from University of California, Santa Barbara, I will have the opportunity of interacting with them, and who knows, of even working with them on a path breaking idea. ========== When introduced to economics in high school I realized that it interestingly qualified as a subject of both Arts and Science. It was an area defined by precise rules, principles and axioms and yet there was tremendous scope for self-expression in the form of interpretation and analysis. This facet of economics intrigued me very much and I decided to pursue further studies in Economics. During my Masters program I equipped myself as best as I could, with various tools used in economic analysis. I obtained rigorous training in mathematics, econometrics and game theory. After completing the Masters program, I joined National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, as I was very eager to see how one might use economics to tackle real life problems, where simplified models, and assuming away of problems may offer no respite. I did some very interesting work here, which is described in my resume. I want to delve deeper into the subject to be able to carry out independent research and analysis, hence my decision to join the Ph.D. program at UCLA. International Economics is an area I would really like to explore. I am fascinated by game theoretic modeling of issues pertaining to International Economics. I believe that game theoretic models can be effectively used in international economics as many policy issues such as negotiations over mutual reductions in tariffs, formation and preservation of customs unions, establishment of cartels in the case of internationally traded goods, all have some game theoretic character. The current Regionalism versus Multilateralism debate holds its own attraction. It should be interesting to analyze the trade diversion effects of Preferential Trading Agreements and also their impact on multilateral institutions like GATT. The strategic trading that takes place in foreign exchange markets and the variety of auction like mechanisms that have been used for foreign exchange trade, especially in developing countries, are intriguing. During my graduate studies I aim to equip myself with some advanced tools and develop my analytical and research capabilities. I want to get an excellent command over econometrics to be able to confront stochastic statistical data with exact models of economic theories and also for empirical verification of other models, which might otherwise be set in a partial equilibrium framework. I expect to emerge as an economic engineer and an expert in model building.Econometrics per se, also interests me as a subject of economics and I might like to research in econometric methodology. I want to be an academic economist. I have cleared the National Eligibility test conducted by the University Grants Commission of India, which makes me eligible to teach an undergraduate course in economics in any Indian university. I want to study at UCLA, as it emphasizes on the rigor and analytical tools that are necessary for academic research. I have well-developed analytical and mathematical skills and I want to exploit these skills to the greatest extent. I feel the help and guidance that can be provided to me by the distinguished faculty of your university will be invaluable. I am sure if I am given the opportunity to study at your university that attracts some of the best students from all over the world, it will provide an environment competitive enough to bring out the best in me. =============== wish to become an accomplished academic researcher in the field of strategic management and I am convinced that the XXXX School of  Business is the best context for me to pursue studies at the doctoral level. My professors have all encouraged me to continue my studies of  management and I am confident that I will be successful in this quest. Several of my professors as well as colleagues have suggested that  XXXX might be a great location for me to pursue my doctoral work. My business experience is a prominent factor in my qualifications  since I have worked as a consultant at one of Koreas leading strategy-consulting firms. I am most pleased with the way that I have been  able to help my clients organizations perform better. And I have also been engaged in research for several years Throughout my Masters program at XXXX University, I struggled to refine my analytical skills and research capabilities concerning  strategic management, organization, and international business, resting on a solid foundation of statistics and methodology. My most relevant  academic experience in research has been assisting Professor XXXX in writing a report on XXXXs core competence. This experience has  helped me to better understand that research is what means most to me in my professional life. Writing my masters thesis was also a most  important learning experience preparing me for doctoral study. The thesis investigated factors influencing founder-CEO replacements in  venture companies and in Korean entrepreneurial firms. Drawing on three different perspectives, namely the organizational life cycle,  founder-CEO characteristics, and founder-CEOs power, I developed a conceptual framework and collected data from DART, the  electronic disclosure system of the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS); the Company Data XXXX, and KINDS, the database of the Korea  Press Foundation. This was the first study of this kind to be conducted in Korea, since it dealt with event-history analysis performed using  STATA. This study is now under second review at the Korean Management Review and I am presenting an updated English version at the  5th Asia Academy of Management (AAoM) this December. I profoundly enjoyed all phases of the research process, especially developing  hypothesis, the collection of data, and running statistical analyses-as well as drawing conclusions. I am especially enamored with the  discussion of critical issues in management with professors and colleagues. My thesis resulted in a study now under second review at the  Korean Management Review, indisputably the top management journal in Korea, and I am presenting an updated English version at the 5th  Asia Academy of Management (AAoM) meeting this December. I am very pleased tha t my academic research has been appreciated by  renowned researchers in the field. I look forward to learning a great deal more about corporate governance in the Ph.D. program at the XXXX School of Business, especially  topics related to CEOs and top management teams. Building on my previous research, I want to continue to study the consequences of  founder-CEO replacement, and how entrenched CEOs influence a firms performance. I am interested in the management of innovation and  technology and would like to investigate how different technology acquisition strategies, including networks, lead to innovation and, in turn,  to competitive advantage in the high-tech industry. I am also fascinated by the knowledge management strategy of multinational  corporations, the field of expertise of my thesis advisor Professor XXXX. The first academic research I engaged in was a project commissioned by the XXXX Bank. As a Senior at XXXX University, Professor XXXX asked me to assist him with his investigation of the reasons behind a recent surge of Korean patents in the US. My responsibility  was to write a case study on the Korean semiconductor industry, which played a central role in increased patents. I wrote a qualitative case  in English along with four other graduate students and learned invaluable teamwork skills. This study was published in 2003 as a research  report What is Behind the Surge in Korean Patenting? by the XXXX Bank. I also assisted Professor XXXX with his study of XXXXs  core competence from multiple perspectives. Through collaboration with the XXXX Economic Research Institute (XERI), I was  responsible for conducting literature reviews on various topics including but not limited to core competence, synergy, corporate  governance, diversification, and organizational learning and I presented my findings at weekly meetings. The result of this research XXXX  Way: The Great Transformation of XXXX since the 1990s was published as a research report in 2004. I am presently working as a research assistant at the Graduate School of Business Administration at XXXX University. I am assisting  Professor XXXX with his research on the knowledge management strategy of multinational corporations, which is a collaborative work  with Professor XXXX of XXXX. This research examines the internationalization process of RD activities of US, European, and Asian  companies from an evolutionary perspective. My main responsibility is to conduct research on each companys internationalization process  according to functional areas and collect quantitative data ready for analysis. During this process, I am learning how to manage a joint  research project and gaining familiarity with Japanese databases such as XXXX, XXXX, and XXXX. I feel strongly that my studies, coupled with my research experience, have provided me with a diverse set of knowledge and skills that  make me an excellent candidate for doctoral study in this field. My enthusiasm and good cheer, coupled with sound fundamentals in  management theory will provide me with the driving force that I will need to be a successful life-long researcher. I am fascinated by the management of innovation and technology. On the one hand, I am interested in how different technology acquisition  strategies, such as alliances, acquisitions, and networks, lead to innovation and, in turn, to competitive advantage. And I am deeply intrigued  by the characteristics and influence of network effects of internet-based industries, especially online game companies and the social  network service (SNS) providers. I also wish to become more in tune with the knowledge management strategy of multinational companies  I have discovered that my academic interests fit especially well with the research interests of outstanding faculty members in the area of  management and organization at the XXXX School of Business. I especially value XXXXs emphasis of the importance of and support for  teaching excellence. As someone who very much wants to become a professor, I think that being an effective educator is as important as  being an important rese archer. I am attracted by the fact that XXXXs undergraduate program provides an opportunity for many graduate  students to gain invaluable teaching experience. I also admire XXXXs supportive environment for research. At XXXX, I am confident that  I will develop invaluable research and teaching skills while having the privilege to interact with attentive professors and intellectually-gifted  colleagues. I hope to teach at a school of business in the United States, where I plan to struggle to add my name to the long list of distinguished  scholars that have come from your program. I sincerely believe that the Ph.D. program at the XXXX School of Business is the best match  for my strong motivation. I have no doubt that I have made the right choice to spend five years at XXXX as a Ph.D. student. I have found  that my academic interests fit well with the research areas of the outstanding faculty and resources of XXXX, including the Center for  Global Business and the Center for Human Capital, Technology, and Innovation. I value XXXXs support for interdisciplinary learning. I  would like to use this opportunity to advance my understandings in a variety of specific areas in the field of management, and gain expertise  knowledge in economics which I believe will be of foundational importance for my future study. Finally, and of primary importance, I  admire XXXXs dynamic supp ort for research. I strongly believe that one of the most important elements in pursuing a successful  academic career is to have a good mentor who can closely guide you academically, and in person, as well. I am confident that I will develop invaluable research and teaching skills while interacting with attentive professors and intellectually-gifted  colleagues. After graduation, I will seek an academic career at a leading American business school. I would like to see myself publishing at  top journals and winning teaching awards for teaching excellence and, in the long run, I hope to positively add to the reputation of XXXX  by adding my name to its long list of prominent scholars. I want to thank you for consideration of this application. ============= Ever since I was a child I have been concerned with poverty, not my own poverty, but that of others, especially in Third World or  developing countries. This concern led me to develop a profound fascination with the study of economics, the inequality between  developed and developing countries, in particular, and a search for creative directions in which to foster economic development on an  international level. Now, I very much want to push ahead with this interest, studying towards a graduate degree in economics. I have  chosen to apply to XXXX University for several reasons, especially the renown of the faculty for exploring questions of economic  development in creative ways. I am also especially attracted to the highly international character of this university, along with its  cosmopolitan location near the heart of Los Angeles. I have long been interested in international economics and international relations because my life has been always affected by them. While in  junior high school, I had a chance to visit North Korea for three months for a music/performing arts exchange. Although I stayed in Pyong  Yang, the capital of North Korea, I witnessed great poverty-many local people wearing ragged clothes, and very thin malnourished  children searching for food in the streets. All information was totally controlled by the government and people do not have economic and  political freedom. I was so shocked by the disparity in North Korea and by the large gap between the living conditions in Japan. During my freshman year in university in Japan, I participated in a two-week summer school program at XXXX University in Thailand. Although the political and economic structure of Thailand is more open to the rest of the world than North Korea, economy has not  developed as other Asian countries such as Japan, China and South Korea. While visiting a HOYA factory, which is one of the major  firms for the lenses, I learned that such factories had recently greatly expanded by developed countries through the exploitation of third  world countries. It is time for us to reconsider our economic system and renovate the alternative methods of economic development. While in undergraduate, I had a great opportunity to present my research on sex trafficking at the annual spring symposium. A great  number of women in the third world countries are engaged in human trafficking (human trading) and sex industry as their ultimate means  to survive and protect their families. Due to the ineffective national economic policy and international economic regulations established on behalf of the developed countries, poverty issue has not been alleviated. As economic discrepancy gets larger among the nations, it   aggravates the international tensions and it would finally trigger international conflicts. The more I recognize the severity of problems  confronted by our global society, the more strongly I believe the way to avoid conflict and improve economic conditions is to act from a  professional point of view After obtaining a masters degree in Economics, I strongly hope to work in the sphere of economic affairs concerning international  economic development. For such a future career, my working experiences play an important role in understanding professionalism. In  2003, I was volunteering for the non-profit organization called People for the Advanced Cambodian Education (PACE) and since  September 2005, I worked as a computer lab assistant at XXXX University. After graduating from XXXX University, I started to work  for the XXXX Company as a full-time sales associate. The company is one of the imported oriental food and supplies distributors in the  United States. Through this job, I truly realized that local business significantly affects the international business and such economic  interaction has fundamental influence to the international economy. Moreover, through all my professional experiences, I learned how to  cope with problems efficiently with professional mann ers and how to establish relationships with co-workers as a team. I also acquired  leadership skills that I would be required in a real society. Though career opportunities may place me in a variety of professional positions,  my final goal is to work at the United Nations. What I expect to learn from graduate school is to obtain academic foundation required for  such a career and find a way to apply methods to the real world. This is the incentives that stimulate me to pursue further studying and the  motives for my choice of University of XXXX. Economic Developmental Programming at XXXX is a very rare MA degree on the west  coast and it suits my needs and professional goals. Since I have taken only a few lectures relevant to the quantitative economics, it is  significantly important for me to take mathematical methods in economics as well as economic development in order to apply them to the  practical problems of developing countries. I truly believe that a graduate degree in International Relations from XXXX, combined with my  own interests and experiences, will provide ample chances for accomplishing my professional goals

Cultural Brokers in Colonial America

During the settlement of North America there were many people who crossed cultural borders becoming cultural brokers. Three such people were Isabel Montour, Samson Occom and Susannah Johnson. These three possessed strong language skills or the ability to learn new languages quickly, this was perhaps the most important skill needed to cross cultural borders and communicate with â€Å"outsiders. † Another necessary skill was a complete understanding of their culture and the cultures of other groups. This skill was used to convey traditional customs, political protocol, and to avoid any misunderstandings between the people of the each culture.The cultural broker would also have an agreeable disposition. Likeability and the ability to get along well with most people would be an asset in a cultural broker. Intelligence and diplomacy were also attributes necessary for the success of a cultural broker. I believe the cultural broker would have to be able to take rejection because of t he possibility of those in their culture ostracizing them for their association with the â€Å"other† culture. A combination of these skills would allow a person to move easily from one culture to another and sometimes have a foot in both at the same time.Isabel Montour was born in Canada to a French father and Abenaki mother. She was about ten years of age when warriors of the Five Nations of Indians raided her village during war with the Canadians and took her captive. The Iroquois Indians adopted her and she was raised as one of their children. Upon maturity she married an Oneida war captain named Carondawana. In 1711, New York Governor Robert Hunter enlisted Madame Montour’s assistance regarding negotiations with the Iroquois. Governor Hunter would make her a central figure in Indian negotiations in New York. He considered her to be one of his â€Å"most trusted advisers. Her duties included acting as interpreter at conferences, and helping to write speeches to be delivered. Another aspect of her work involved relaying messages and explaining the expectations and mannerisms of the Indians to the colonists. Through her work she aided the colonists’ in their quest to understand the culture of the Iroquois. She had great knowledge of the customs, ideas and the language of the Iroquois. Her ability to fluently speak English, French, Oneida, Mohawk, Delaware, and possibly Huron and Miami along with her many relatives located throughout Canada and the Great Lakes region identified er as a person â€Å"in the know† about the issues facing both cultures for the majority of her life. She was â€Å"trustworthy, and unafraid to tell the truth†. In the 1720s her family moved to Pennsylvania’s Susquehanna River Valley to live in an Indian community. Here she also served as interpreter for the colonists’ in negotiations with the Iroquois. As in New York she was known for her knowledge and often asked for her advice regar ding Indians affairs. In 1729, while on his way home from war with the Catawba Indians, her husband, Carondawana was killed.After his death she focused her attention on teaching her son Andrew the skills necessary to be a successful diplomat and cultural broker. Madame Montour had no real memory of her birth culture. Because of her mixed heritage she could blend in with many cultures by emphasizing or de-emphasizing certain aspects of her background. Madame Montour moved easily between the cultures of the Indians and the colonists. She was very adaptable. This was probably derived from her early capture and assimilation into the Iroquois culture.Despite having family among Iroquois and supporters among the white settlers at times it seems she did not quite belong to any specific group. Even after being adopted by the Iroquois they still referred to her as the French woman who was married to an Indian. It seems Madame Montour was a woman of many cultures but also a woman with no true culture of her own maybe that is why she was successful as a cultural broker. Madame Montour both gained and lost by crossing cultures. She gained the respect of government officials in the colonies beginning with Governor Hunter of New York.Her work as an interpreter and assistance in the understanding of the Iroquois provided financial resources for her and her family. She also gained a well-deserved reputation as an important person who was well versed in the manners, customs, and languages of the Indians. Due to her own cultural brokerage she trained her son Andrew Montour to be a cultural broker providing him with a career. Madame Montour also lost as a result of her cultural brokerage. Her mixed heritage set her apart and her association with the colonists caused ill will among some of the Natives.Although she was respected among the colonists and Indians alike, this did not necessarily â€Å"translate into acceptance† among either group. After the death of her husband even the Oneida community â€Å"began to marginalize her family† and she moved around frequently alone or with her son. She received little â€Å"in the way of reward from the white colonial or Indian societies whom she served†. Madame Montour was used by both the colonists and the Indians. The colonists respected her and actively sought the knowledge she held regarding the Indians but as soon as she was no longer needed she was cast aside and forgotten until they needed her again.An Oneida headman Shickellamy used Madame Montour’s contacts and influences to grow his status as a representative of the Iroquois Confederacy. Then he and a Seneca headman accused her of being untruthful and ended her public career. â€Å"She never again appeared at a conference in any recognized capacity. † Madame Montour used her fluency of language; her family connections and knowledge of Native customs to help the colonists’ come to understand the Natives. Like Mada me Montour, Samson Occom was a cultural broker but he used a different path to achieve his brokerage.Samson Occom was Mohegan by birth. During the â€Å"Great Awakening† he converted to Christianity. Tutored by Reverend Eleazar Wheelock he learned to read and write in English. Additionally, he learned Latin, Greek, some Hebrew, Oneida, and Mohawk. Occom became an ordained minister. He used the path of â€Å"Reformed Protestantism, namely, Congregationalism and Presbyterianism† to cross cultural borders. He built a two story frame house in Mohegan where his family lived for twenty-five years. To his people and the English the house represented his moving from his birth culture to the English culture.Wheelock asked Occom to travel to Britain to raise funds for Dartmouth College which he said would be used to educate Native youth. In Britain Occom was somewhat of a celebrity and preached to the people there and in Scotland. Upon his return to North America Occom learned W heelock had deceived him regarding Dartmouth College. The target students were to be young English men. Occom had made the trip to Britain because he believed Native youth would make up the majority of the students. Occom never traveled to Dartmouth College and severed his ties with Wheelock.After a period of depression Occom gained a â€Å"renewed sense of self-worth† as a sermon he had delivered was published as a temperance tract. While in Britain Occom had collected hymnals and in 1772 he published a book of his favorite hymns. Later his knowledge of English law and his recordkeeping would enable the Mohegan to retain land in the community he started called Brothertown. When Occom died Mohegan, Iroquois, and Algonquian Indians attended his funeral which was preached by an Englishman/American and was held in Brothertown.The many different cultures present reflected his experience as a cultural broker but the place his funeral was held said even more: â€Å"Samson Occom ha d come home. † Occom adjusted well to the English culture in the beginning. It could be said he even preferred the English culture over his own. But Occom never forgot about his people as to do so would have been irresponsible. Occom was well received in Britain where he was considered â€Å"a unique attraction. † In Scotland he was a living example of the success of their â€Å"commitment to education and conversion† important because they funded Wheelock’s ventures.Occom became less enchanted by the Europeans when he discovered Wheelock had deceived him about Dartmouth College. He decided that his faith was the only good thing to be taken from the English culture and severed ties with Wheelock and the English culture. This was a reverse of his early years when he had offended the Oneida by telling them to â€Å"to grow their hair long as the English do and not to wear wampum or other such things† which suggested he agreed with the concept of confo rmity. Occom gained the ability to read and write by crossing cultural borders.Additionally he gained his lifelong faith in God through Protestant Religion. He became an ordained minister and used his preaching to help his culture. Occom learned the English laws regarding property ownership which eventually led to his people keeping the lands among the Oneida. He gained recognition through publication of one of his sermons and his popular book of hymns. In contrast he lost a part of his own culture for a brief time at the beginning of his association with the English. His knowledge of the English ways also â€Å"created a bone of contention with the splintered loyalties of the Mohegan tribe. Occom sacrificed time away from his wife due to his service to the English and Wheelock. Eventually the English culture lost appeal to Occom due to their abuse of his trust and confrontations of â€Å"English antagonism. † Occom was used by several people. The Boston Board used him to pr ove a Native could be used as an educator and cheap labor at the same time. Wheelock used him to obtain funds to create Dartmouth College and to prove his ability to convert and educate the Native people showing he was worthy of the donations he had received.Even though he eventually withdrew from the English culture Samson Occom achieved many things during his time as a cultural broker just as those before and after him. Roughly the same time as Occom was using his religious faith to cross cultures another person, Susannah Johnson, was pursuing cultural brokerage through another path. Susannah Johnson was a cultural broker. Her ability to adapt to any environment and â€Å"attract and remember the kindness of others† was the main path of her brokerage. Susannah’s empathy for those in her culture and other cultures helped her cross cultural borders.Through the telling of her and her family’s trials as captives of the Abenaki Indians she helped challenge many ide as about the Indians that were not always true. Susannah was born on the Massachusetts frontier to Moses and Susannah Willard. She married and her husband and family lived on the New Hampshire frontier in Charlestown. On August 30, 1752, a group of Abenaki Indians raided their house and took her captive along with her husband, their three children, her sister, kinsman Ebenezer Farnsworth and a friend Peter Labarree.She was pregnant at the time and on the second day of their captivity she went in to labor and delivered a baby girl she named Captive. Susannah considered the Abenaki to be â€Å"by no means void of compassion† as they helped her to deliver, clothed the baby and provided shelter for mother and baby. Additionally the Abenaki built a litter to carry Susannah and baby Captive but the other captives tired after a couple of miles and she was offered a horse to ride which she accepted for fear of being left behind in the wilderness with a newborn. Susannah spoke of how the Abenaki showed mercy to her family and the other captives.Susannah also spoke of the Abenaki modesty. Upon being sold to Governor Ange Duquesne de Menneville, Marquis Duquesne, in Montreal Captive became ill and Susannah allowed her to be baptized a Roman Catholic and named the governor as her godfather. As Susannah was a Puritan this was a huge leap into another culture. Her husband James raised the money for his release and was allowed to return to New Hampshire to obtain the money to pay the ransom for Susannah and their children. Due to Massachusetts preparing to expeditions against Acadia and Fort St. Frederic James was not allowed to return to Canada.When James did not return to Montreal Susannah and her two youngest daughters and her sister were cast out of Canadian society and made a living as seamstresses. When he finally returned to Montreal due to the escalation of war, James was considered a parole violator and posed a risk to military intelligence. Later, Susannah, James and the two youngest daughters were sent to Quebec to a criminal prison where conditions were poor and disease rampant. Intendant Francois Bigot used his influence to allow the Johnsons to be moved to a civilian prison where conditions were more comfortable.There the family had a garden and Susannah was allowed to travel to town weekly to buy necessary goods. While in prison she gave birth to a stillborn son and learned her father had been killed by the Abenaki during another raid. Her baby girl Captive spoke only French and Susannah learned enough to understand her daughter. The Johnsons were given permission to go home via England but at the last minute they said her husband James could not go but she and all but her son still with the Abenaki and her daughter in Montreal went on the boat alone.She arrived home after being gone for three years three months and eleven days. † James having been released arrived home about the same time. Susannah’s son Sylvanus was redeemed from the Abenaki but could only speak their language and broken French. Her oldest daughter finally arrived home after six years in Montreal. Susannah’s family had become a â€Å"mixture of nations. † In later years she loved telling about her adventures which she saw as â€Å"an instructive tale of suffering and redemption. † She always credited the Abenaki with kindness. Susannah had some difficulty adjusting to life with the Abenaki.She was not very good at canoe making and agreed with their adoptive sister’s occasional complaints that she was â€Å"a no good squaw. † Susannah adapted better to life in Canada in Governor Duquesne’s house. She met many other captives there and found the people kind and she was treated like a daughter. Even after being cast out of Canadian society she survived by working as a seamstress. She never did adapt to the criminal prison but in the civilian prison she made do with the little she had. Duri ng weekly outings she met other captives and had conversations with them.During her captivity Susannah met many people who were kind to her and her family. She never forgot that kindness and persevered until she was once again home. As a cultural broker Susannah gained knowledge of Native culture and personal insight into their lives. She became aware the Natives were capable of kindness and were a good moral people. She always believed the Abenaki were nicer to her family than the English would have been to a Native family had the situation been reversed. She found their community very favorable. Susannah further related surprise that the Abenaki adopted her as a sister and treated her as one of their own.Although Susannah gained as a cultural broker she also experienced loss. She had a stillborn son and lost a son to the Abenaki. She later regained this son but he always considered himself an Abenaki. The six years her oldest daughter spent in Montreal were lost to her. One positi ve loss she experienced was her loss of fear over time. Susannah was used by the Indians as trade to the Canadians. She was also used by the Canadians as a prisoner to be bargained for political reasons. The three biographies relate much about intertribal relations and interaction between the Europeans and Natives. Inter-tribal relations were not always positive.The tribes were many times split between loyalties to different cultures. They often looked upon cultural brokers as outsiders or a kind of traitor. There were also good things about tribal relations shown by Occom who never forgot his people. He became a cultural broker more for the benefit of his people than himself. The Indians were usually loyal to one another and treated most captives as family members. The interaction between English and Natives was usually strained. Neither group knew what to expect from the other or understood the other culture. The English were far worse in their treatment of the Natives.They were g enerally unfair and untruthful. They used the Natives far more than the reverse. They considered them backward and perceived them as stereotypical savages. When captured Susannah was surprised to be treated as well as she was for she knew the English would treat their captives far worse. Madame Montour, Samson Occom, and Susannah Johnson were all successful cultural brokers. Cultural brokers played a large role in the colonization of the United States. Although they used different methods to cross cultural borders the intent was universal. They strived to bring understanding to both their culture and the culture of the English.

Cultural Diplomacy: a Filipino Perspective Essay

I. WHAT IS CULTURAL DIPLOMACY? Considered as a relatively new term in international relations and among governments, a commonly cited definition of cultural diplomacy is that of Milton Cummings, an American Political Scientist which defines Cultural Diplomacy as â€Å"the exchange of ideas, information, values, systems, traditions, beliefs, and other aspects of culture, with the intention of fostering mutual understanding† between or among nations (Kang, 2013) or simply put, it pertains to a cultural form of international communication between and/or among nations (Kieldanowicz). It was only during the past decade when governments started to and have increasingly paid attention to the practice of Cultural Diplomacy and have acknowledged the growing importance of cultural dimensions in analyzing the ever-increasing complexity of foreign affairs (Kang, 2013). Art and culture are two important aspects of cultural diplomacy, as these are the forefront of many countries’ promotional efforts. The showcasing of a country’s cultural heritage, as made possible by cultural diplomacy, provides a country with the opportunity of showing who they are and create a positive image which will help them achieve their political aims (Kieldanowicz). This belief was echoed by Philippine DFA Secretary Albert del Rosario was quoted saying â€Å"DFA recognizes the impact of culture in modern diplomacy and sees it as an effective tool in protecting our national interest, in advancing our advocacies and in achieving the development agenda of the country in the international arena. Cultural diplomacy is described as â€Å"†¦a course of actions, which are based on and utilize the exchange of ideas, values, traditions and other aspects of culture or identity, whether to strengthen relationships, enhance socio-cultural cooperation or promote national interests; Cultural diplomacy can be practiced by either the public sector, private sector or civil society.† From this definition, we can gather that cultural diplomacy is similar to an agreement between two countries for the purpose of strengthening their relations through their cultures. II. PHILIPPINE ISSUES IN LINE WITH CULTURAL DIPLOMACY The first issue which the group considers significant in line with the establishment of cultural diplomacy is the young population’s patronization of Korean, Japanese and American pop culture. As previously mentioned, art and culture makes up our identity as Filipinos, however with the continuous and increasing â€Å"Japanesation, Koreanisation and Americanization† of our young generation, the young population is slowly losing its Filipino identity this then becomes a hindrance to the promotion of local Philippine culture, so the question is how could the Philippine local culture be promoted abroad if locally, there is difficulty in promoting, much less preserving it. III. PROJECTION OF ISSUES ON FOREIGN POLICY The ‘Japanesation’, ‘Koreanisation’ and ‘Westernization’ of the Filipino pop culture must be addressed by the Philippine government. We believe however, that action must first be taken in the local or domestic level and extend it later on to the international level by virtue of foreign policy. In line with this issue the government may sponsor students to study sociology with focus on Philippine culture, or establish art competitions such as song-writing and painting contests and the like. This will later on be reflected in the foreign policy by the establishment of government sponsorship of foreign students studying of Philippine culture and society. As we know, globalization is defined as â€Å"worldwide integration and development† and it has helped in improving the economy of different countries. Nowadays, there is a need for all the countries need to improve their exports to be able to make it in the international market. But despite that, globalization has also caused problems such as in cultural diplomacy, an example of this is the Business Process Outsourcing Industry. Even though the pay is nice in such an industry, there is an issue concerning cultural clashes. Since most of the BPOs came from the western side of the earth and then merely outsourced, there is a clash of what are the ways of living in one certain country and the ways of doing things when brought to the receiving country. There would be a lot of issues that would need to be addressed which causes in problems in cultural diplomacy. Let’s use the call center business as an example. Let’s us say that there is a new call center has been outsourced here in the Philippines. In the country where the call center originated they do no not celebrate Christmas or Lent but here in the Philippines we do celebrate these events. This is where the clash begins, because these are two different countries with two different cultures, it would be hard to make or form a cultural diplomacy. There is a need to have talks to address such issues and so that both parties can agree on decide on something to agree on to form a partnership through cultural diplomacy.